HIV carriers cannot infect someone else by merely breathing the same air as someone else; there must be a transfer of bodily fluids (blood,semen, vaginal secretions, breast milk).
1. Unprotected Sex(vaginal/anal). Anal sex is the riskier out of the two because there is a liklier chance of scarring, falicitating transfer through blood.
2. Unprotected Oral Sex. Risks are higher after a cut or a sore in the mouth, recent toothbrushing, or canker sores.
3. Sharing Needles/Syringes. Unsanitary needles can house a virus for little more than a month. Getting tatttoos, piercings, or injecting drugs with an unsanitary needle makes it likely for infection.
4. Pregnancy, Child-birth, Breast-feeding. A mother with HIV can infect their chld through their plancenta to the fetus. The actual birthing process can cause scarring and ,therefore, make a gateway for the virus. Breast milk also holds the virus.
To avoid infection: Latex condoms with water-based lubricants are the best way to practice safe sex (besides abstinence). Lamb skin condoms and oil/petroleum based lubricants do not help.
If you must use someone else's needle, disenfect using bleach (this will reduce the risk a bit). Also, make certain your tattoo artist or piercer uses sterile equipmemt.
www.thebody.com/content/art32981.html
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